α-PHP
1-phenyl-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylhexan-1-one
Overview
α-PHP belongs to Stimulants / Cathinones.
Effects
- Intense physical and 'cognitive' euphoria, extreme stimulation, wakefulness, disinhibition, increased libido and sociability.
- A strong compulsive urge to redose ('fiending') that drives long binges.
- A heavy sympathomimetic load: raised heart rate and blood pressure, jaw clenching, appetite loss, vasoconstriction and hyperthermia.
- Anxiety, paranoia and stimulant psychosis, particularly at high doses, on binges and during the comedown.
Dosing & duration
Oral, Insufflated. Not a recommendation. There are no controlled human dosing studies for α-PHP. It is extremely potent, active in the low milligram range orally and in single milligrams insufflated, so it must be dosed with an accurate milligram scale or volumetric solution, never eyeballed. Its fast onset and strong compulsion to redose make bingeing and overdose easy, and smoking or injecting it is especially dangerous. Insufflation is more potent than oral.
Dose ranges
≈1 mg (oral)
≈5–10 mg (oral)
≈10–25 mg (oral)
≈25–40 mg (oral)
Duration
≈2–20 min (oral), ≈10–30 min (insufflated)
≈1–2.5 h (oral)
≈2–8 h (oral), after-effects up to ~48 h
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Formula | C16H23NO |
| Molar mass | 245.36 g/mol |
| State | Solid (usually the hydrochloride salt) |
| Melting point | Not reported |
| Boiling point | Not reported |
| Density | Not reported |
| Vapor pressure | Not reported |
| pKa | Not reported |
| LogP | 4 (predicted, XLogP3) |
| Solubility | Not reported |
| Refractive index | Not reported |
Identifiers & Synonyms
| CAS | 13415-86-6 |
| CAS (enantiomer) | |
| PubChem CID | 102107923 |
| InChIKey | KYIJLDDXQWBNGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C16H23NO/c1-2-3-11-15(17-12-7-8-13-17)16(18)14-9-5-4-6-10-14/h4-6,9-10,15H,2-3,7-8,11-13H2,1H3 |
| SMILES | CCCCC(C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1)N2CCCC2 |
Synonyms
- α-PHP
- α-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone
- α-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone
- PV-7
- A-PHP
Pharmacodynamics & Biochemistry
α-PHP (α-pyrrolidinohexiophenone, also called PV-7) is a synthetic cathinone of the pyrrolidinophenone class: the one-carbon homologue of α-PVP ('flakka'). It is a potent inhibitor of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake (DAT IC50 ≈97 nM, with comparable NET potency), acting as a pure reuptake blocker rather than a releaser, which produces powerful, long-lasting psychostimulant effects. It is strongly transporter-selective: more than 1,000-fold more potent at the dopamine transporter than at the serotonin transporter (SERT essentially inactive), so its action is heavily dopaminergic/noradrenergic with little direct serotonergic component. This dopamine-dominant profile underlies its intense euphoria, compulsive redosing and stimulant-psychosis risk. It is at least as potent as α-PVP and more potent than cocaine at DAT.
Biological targets
- DAT
- NET
Binding & functional measurements
Pharmacokinetics
| Bioavailability | Oral and insufflated (also smoked or injected) |
| Tmax | Fast onset (≈2–20 min oral, ≈10–30 min insufflated) |
| Half-life | Not established in humans (oral effects ≈2–8 h) |
| Vd | Not reported |
| Protein binding | Not reported |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Excretion | Renal (presumed) |
Toxicology & Safety
Not reported
α-PHP is a potent, compulsive dopaminergic stimulant sold among the 'bath salts' / 'research chemical' stimulants. Its hallmark is a strong compulsion to redose, which drives long binges with sleep deprivation, dehydration and malnutrition. Acute dangers are those of severe sympathomimetic toxicity: dangerous rises in blood pressure and heart rate, arrhythmia, hyperthermia, seizures and agitated ('excited') delirium, plus stimulant psychosis with paranoia and hallucinations: especially during binges and the comedown (reported to be somewhat less than with α-PVP, but still substantial). It has been implicated as a cause or contributor in deaths, usually in combination with other drugs. It is extremely potent, active in the low milligram range orally and in single milligrams insufflated, so it must be measured on an accurate scale and never eyeballed. Smoking or injecting sharply increase cardiovascular and dependence risk. It carries a high potential for psychological dependence. Little formal human pharmacology or toxicology data exists, and that absence must not be read as safety.[4][3]
Legal Status
US: Schedule I (2022). UK: Class B. DE: BtMG Anlage II
Interactions & Contraindications
Drug interactions
Contraindications
No interactions or contraindications listed.
Usage & Context
- Sold as a 'research chemical' / 'bath salt' stimulant, insufflated, smoked or injected. It rose in popularity as a successor to α-PVP ('flakka') after α-PVP was scheduled.
- Repeatedly detected in forensic and post-mortem casework, usually alongside other drugs.
Sources & Evidence
- PubChem: α-PHP (CID 102107923) — identifiers & computed properties
- Wikipedia: α-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) — pharmacology, effects, history & legal status CC BY-SA 4.0
- Davies RA, Nguyen VT, Eltit JM, et al. (2023). Structure-Activity Relationships for a Recently Controlled Synthetic Cathinone Dopamine Transporter Reuptake Inhibitor: α-Pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP). ACS Chem Neurosci 14:2527-2536.
PMID 37406364 · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00156
- PsychonautWiki: A-PHP — dosing, duration, subjective effects, toxicity & tolerance CC BY-SA 4.0
- DEA Diversion Control Division: Controlled Substance Schedules (α-PHP — Schedule I)
- GOV.UK: Controlled drugs list (Misuse of Drugs legislation) — cathinones are Class B OGL v3.0
- BtMG Anlage II — Betäubungsmittelgesetz (α-PHP scheduled since 2022, tradeable, not prescribable)
- PubChem computed properties (CID 102107923)